backpropagation-lineage

IN premise — entries/2026/06/21/wiki-Neural_network_28machine_learning29-chunk-2.md

Created 2026-06-21T09:55:51+00:00

Backpropagation lineage: chain rule (Leibniz 1673) → control theory precursor (Kelley 1960) → modern automatic differentiation (Linnainmaa 1970) → applied to neural networks (Werbos 1982) → popularized (Rumelhart et al. 1986)