park-2024-llama3-hierarchy-orthogonality

IN premise — summaries/2026/08/24/park-2024-categorical-hierarchical-concepts-sR-references-chunk-2.md

Created 2026-08-25T02:58:26+00:00

In LLaMA-3's representation space, the vector (child − parent) is approximately orthogonal to the parent vector for WordNet taxonomic relations, with cosine similarity approaching zero.

Summary

In LLaMA-3's internal word representations, the extra features that make a specific concept (like "dog") differ from its general category (like "animal") are stored in a direction that is essentially independent of how the general category itself is encoded. This means the model treats "what it is to be a dog" and "what it is to be an animal" as separate, non-overlapping dimensions, which is a clean compositional structure that makes the hierarchy easier to reason about and manipulate geometrically.

Dependents

These beliefs depend on this one: