liu-2023-funding-sources

Summary

The "Lost in the Middle" paper (Liu et al. 2023) was produced with institutional backing from Stanford's Center for Research on Foundation Models and direct resource support from both OpenAI and Anthropic, meaning the authors had privileged API and model access beyond what typical academic researchers would have. This matters because it frames the paper as an industry-academic collaboration, which shapes how independently its findings should be weighted and suggests the research was resourced to test models the authors had inside access to.